Point Group D5



D5 E 2C5 2(C5)2 5C'2
A1 1 1 1 1
A2 1 1 1 -1
E1 2 2cos(2π/5) 2cos(4π/5) 0
E2 2 2cos(4π/5) 2cos(2π/5) 0


Additional information

Number of symmetry elements h = 10
Number of classes, irreps n = 4
Abelian group no
Optical Isomerism (Chirality) yes
Polar no
Parity no


Reduce representation to irreducible representations


E 2C5 2(C5)2 5C'2



Genrate representation from irreducible representations


A1 A2 E1 E2




Examples

Ferrocene (rotated)



Direct products of irreducible representations


Binary products
A1 A2 E1 E2
A1 A1
A2 A2A1
E1 E1E1A1⊕A2⊕E2
E2 E2E2E1⊕E2A1⊕A2⊕E1

Ternary Products
Quaternary Products



Symmetric powers [Γn] of degenerate irreducible representations
Vibrational overtones


irrep 2] 3] 4] 5] 6]
E1 A1⊕E2E1⊕E2A1⊕E1⊕E2A1⊕A2⊕E1⊕E2A1⊕2E1⊕E2More
E2 A1⊕E1E1⊕E2A1⊕E1⊕E2A1⊕A2⊕E1⊕E2A1⊕E1⊕2E2More



Spherical harmonics and Multipoles
Symmetric Powers of Γxyz


Spherical Harmonics Yl / Multipole Symmetric Power [Γl(xyz)]
l 2l+1 Multipole Symmetry Rank l(xyz)]
s (l=0) 1 Monopole A1 1 A1
p (l=1) 3 Dipole A2⊕E1 3 A2⊕E1
d (l=2) 5 Quadrupole A1⊕E1⊕E2 6 2A1⊕E1⊕E2
f (l=3) 7 Octupole A2⊕E1⊕2E2 10 2A2⊕2E1⊕2E2
g (l=4) 9 Hexadecapole A1⊕2E1⊕2E2 15 3A1⊕3E1⊕3E2
h (l=5) 11 Dotricontapole A1⊕2A2⊕2E1⊕2E2 21 A1⊕4A2⊕4E1⊕4E2
i (l=6) 13 Tetrahexacontapole 2A1⊕A2⊕3E1⊕2E2 28 5A1⊕A2⊕6E1⊕5E2
j (l=7) 15 Octacosahectapole A1⊕2A2⊕3E1⊕3E2 36 2A1⊕6A2⊕7E1⊕7E2
k (l=8) 17 256-pole 2A1⊕A2⊕3E1⊕4E2 45 7A1⊕2A2⊕9E1⊕9E2
l (l=9) 19 512-pole A1⊕2A2⊕4E1⊕4E2 55 3A1⊕8A2⊕11E1⊕11E2
m (l=10) 21 1024-pole 3A1⊕2A2⊕4E1⊕4E2 66 10A1⊕4A2⊕13E1⊕13E2
n (l=11) 23 2048-pole 2A1⊕3A2⊕5E1⊕4E2 78 5A1⊕11A2⊕16E1⊕15E2
o (l=12) 25 4096-pole 3A1⊕2A2⊕5E1⊕5E2 91 13A1⊕6A2⊕18E1⊕18E2
More

First nonvanshing multipole: Quadrupole

Further Reading

  • A. Gelessus, W. Thiel, W. Weber. J. Chem. Educ. 72 505 (1995)
    Multipoles and symmetry




Ligand Field, dn term splitting


Term symbols for electronic configurations dn
dn Term Symbols
d1 = d9 2D
d2 = d8 1S, 1D, 1G, 3P, 3F
d3 = d7 2P, 2D (2), 2F, 2G, 2H, 4P, 4F
d4 = d6 1S (2), 1D (2), 1F, 1G (2), 1I, 3P (2), 3D, 3F (2), 3G, 3H, 5D
d5 2S, 2P, 2D (3), 2F (2), 2G (2), 2H, 2I, 4P, 4D, 4F, 4G, 6S


Term splitting in point group D5
L 2L+1 Term Splitting
S (L=0) 1 A1
P (L=1) 3 A2⊕E1
D (L=2) 5 A1⊕E1⊕E2
F (L=3) 7 A2⊕E1⊕2E2
G (L=4) 9 A1⊕2E1⊕2E2
H (L=5) 11 A1⊕2A2⊕2E1⊕2E2
I (L=6) 13 2A1⊕A2⊕3E1⊕2E2


Last update November, 13th 2023 by A. Gelessus, Impressum, Datenschutzerklärung/DataPrivacyStatement