Point Group C30



ε=exp(2πi/30)
C30 E C30 C15 C10 (C15)2 C6 C5 (C30)7 (C15)4 (C10)3 C3 (C30)11 (C5)2 (C30)13 (C15)7 C2 (C15)8 (C30)17 (C5)3 (C30)19 (C3)2 (C10)7 (C15)11 (C30)23 (C5)4 (C6)5 (C15)13 (C10)9 (C15)14 (C30)29
A 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
B 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1
E1* 1
1
ε*
ε*
ε2*
ε2*
ε3*
ε3*
ε4*
ε4*
ε5*
ε5*
ε6*
ε6*
ε7*
ε7*
7*
7*
6*
6*
5*
5*
4*
4*
3*
3*
2*
2*
*
*
-1
-1
*
*
2*
2*
3*
3*
4*
4*
5*
5*
6*
6*
7*
7*
ε7*
ε7*
ε6*
ε6*
ε5*
ε5*
ε4*
ε4*
ε3*
ε3*
ε2*
ε2*
ε*
ε*
E2* 1
1
ε2*
ε2*
ε4*
ε4*
ε6*
ε6*
7*
7*
5*
5*
3*
3*
*
*
*
*
3*
3*
5*
5*
7*
7*
ε6*
ε6*
ε4*
ε4*
ε2*
ε2*
1
1
ε2*
ε2*
ε4*
ε4*
ε6*
ε6*
7*
7*
5*
5*
3*
3*
*
*
*
*
3*
3*
5*
5*
7*
7*
ε6*
ε6*
ε4*
ε4*
ε2*
ε2*
E3* 1
1
ε3*
ε3*
ε6*
ε6*
6*
6*
3*
3*
-1
-1
3*
3*
6*
6*
ε6*
ε6*
ε3*
ε3*
1
1
ε3*
ε3*
ε6*
ε6*
6*
6*
3*
3*
-1
-1
3*
3*
6*
6*
ε6*
ε6*
ε3*
ε3*
1
1
ε3*
ε3*
ε6*
ε6*
6*
6*
3*
3*
-1
-1
3*
3*
6*
6*
ε6*
ε6*
ε3*
ε3*
E4* 1
1
ε4*
ε4*
7*
7*
3*
3*
*
*
5*
5*
ε6*
ε6*
ε2*
ε2*
ε2*
ε2*
ε6*
ε6*
5*
5*
*
*
3*
3*
7*
7*
ε4*
ε4*
1
1
ε4*
ε4*
7*
7*
3*
3*
*
*
5*
5*
ε6*
ε6*
ε2*
ε2*
ε2*
ε2*
ε6*
ε6*
5*
5*
*
*
3*
3*
7*
7*
ε4*
ε4*
E5* 1
1
ε5*
ε5*
5*
5*
-1
-1
5*
5*
ε5*
ε5*
1
1
ε5*
ε5*
5*
5*
-1
-1
5*
5*
ε5*
ε5*
1
1
ε5*
ε5*
5*
5*
-1
-1
5*
5*
ε5*
ε5*
1
1
ε5*
ε5*
5*
5*
-1
-1
5*
5*
ε5*
ε5*
1
1
ε5*
ε5*
5*
5*
-1
-1
5*
5*
ε5*
ε5*
E6* 1
1
ε6*
ε6*
3*
3*
3*
3*
ε6*
ε6*
1
1
ε6*
ε6*
3*
3*
3*
3*
ε6*
ε6*
1
1
ε6*
ε6*
3*
3*
3*
3*
ε6*
ε6*
1
1
ε6*
ε6*
3*
3*
3*
3*
ε6*
ε6*
1
1
ε6*
ε6*
3*
3*
3*
3*
ε6*
ε6*
1
1
ε6*
ε6*
3*
3*
3*
3*
ε6*
ε6*
E7* 1
1
ε7*
ε7*
*
*
6*
6*
ε2*
ε2*
ε5*
ε5*
3*
3*
4*
4*
ε4*
ε4*
ε3*
ε3*
5*
5*
2*
2*
ε6*
ε6*
ε*
ε*
7*
7*
-1
-1
7*
7*
ε*
ε*
ε6*
ε6*
2*
2*
5*
5*
ε3*
ε3*
ε4*
ε4*
4*
4*
3*
3*
ε5*
ε5*
ε2*
ε2*
6*
6*
*
*
ε7*
ε7*
E8* 1
1
7*
7*
*
*
ε6*
ε6*
ε2*
ε2*
5*
5*
3*
3*
ε4*
ε4*
ε4*
ε4*
3*
3*
5*
5*
ε2*
ε2*
ε6*
ε6*
*
*
7*
7*
1
1
7*
7*
*
*
ε6*
ε6*
ε2*
ε2*
5*
5*
3*
3*
ε4*
ε4*
ε4*
ε4*
3*
3*
5*
5*
ε2*
ε2*
ε6*
ε6*
*
*
7*
7*
E9* 1
1
6*
6*
3*
3*
ε3*
ε3*
ε6*
ε6*
-1
-1
ε6*
ε6*
ε3*
ε3*
3*
3*
6*
6*
1
1
6*
6*
3*
3*
ε3*
ε3*
ε6*
ε6*
-1
-1
ε6*
ε6*
ε3*
ε3*
3*
3*
6*
6*
1
1
6*
6*
3*
3*
ε3*
ε3*
ε6*
ε6*
-1
-1
ε6*
ε6*
ε3*
ε3*
3*
3*
6*
6*
E10* 1
1
5*
5*
5*
5*
1
1
5*
5*
5*
5*
1
1
5*
5*
5*
5*
1
1
5*
5*
5*
5*
1
1
5*
5*
5*
5*
1
1
5*
5*
5*
5*
1
1
5*
5*
5*
5*
1
1
5*
5*
5*
5*
1
1
5*
5*
5*
5*
1
1
5*
5*
5*
5*
E11* 1
1
4*
4*
7*
7*
ε3*
ε3*
*
*
ε5*
ε5*
ε6*
ε6*
2*
2*
ε2*
ε2*
6*
6*
5*
5*
ε*
ε*
3*
3*
ε7*
ε7*
ε4*
ε4*
-1
-1
ε4*
ε4*
ε7*
ε7*
3*
3*
ε*
ε*
5*
5*
6*
6*
ε2*
ε2*
2*
2*
ε6*
ε6*
ε5*
ε5*
*
*
ε3*
ε3*
7*
7*
4*
4*
E12* 1
1
3*
3*
ε6*
ε6*
ε6*
ε6*
3*
3*
1
1
3*
3*
ε6*
ε6*
ε6*
ε6*
3*
3*
1
1
3*
3*
ε6*
ε6*
ε6*
ε6*
3*
3*
1
1
3*
3*
ε6*
ε6*
ε6*
ε6*
3*
3*
1
1
3*
3*
ε6*
ε6*
ε6*
ε6*
3*
3*
1
1
3*
3*
ε6*
ε6*
ε6*
ε6*
3*
3*
E13* 1
1
2*
2*
ε4*
ε4*
6*
6*
7*
7*
ε5*
ε5*
3*
3*
ε*
ε*
*
*
ε3*
ε3*
5*
5*
ε7*
ε7*
ε6*
ε6*
4*
4*
ε2*
ε2*
-1
-1
ε2*
ε2*
4*
4*
ε6*
ε6*
ε7*
ε7*
5*
5*
ε3*
ε3*
*
*
ε*
ε*
3*
3*
ε5*
ε5*
7*
7*
6*
6*
ε4*
ε4*
2*
2*
E14* 1
1
*
*
ε2*
ε2*
3*
3*
ε4*
ε4*
5*
5*
ε6*
ε6*
7*
7*
7*
7*
ε6*
ε6*
5*
5*
ε4*
ε4*
3*
3*
ε2*
ε2*
*
*
1
1
*
*
ε2*
ε2*
3*
3*
ε4*
ε4*
5*
5*
ε6*
ε6*
7*
7*
7*
7*
ε6*
ε6*
5*
5*
ε4*
ε4*
3*
3*
ε2*
ε2*
*
*


Additional information

Number of symmetry elements h = 30
Number of classes, irreps n = 30
Number of real-valued irreducible representations n = 16
Abelian group yes
Optical Isomerism (Chirality) yes
Polar yes
Parity no


Reduce representation to irreducible representations


E C30 C15 C10 (C15)2 C6 C5 (C30)7 (C15)4 (C10)3 C3 (C30)11 (C5)2 (C30)13 (C15)7 C2 (C15)8 (C30)17 (C5)3 (C30)19 (C3)2 (C10)7 (C15)11 (C30)23 (C5)4 (C6)5 (C15)13 (C10)9 (C15)14 (C30)29



Genrate representation from irreducible representations


A B E1* E2* E3* E4* E5* E6* E7* E8* E9* E10* E11* E12* E13* E14*




Direct products of irreducible representations


Binary products
A B E1* E2* E3* E4* E5* E6* E7* E8* E9* E10* E11* E12* E13* E14*
A A
B BA
E1* E1E142A⊕E2
E2* E2E13E1⊕E32A⊕E4
E3* E3E12E2⊕E4E1⊕E52A⊕E6
E4* E4E11E3⊕E5E2⊕E6E1⊕E72A⊕E8
E5* E5E10E4⊕E6E3⊕E7E2⊕E8E1⊕E92A⊕E10
E6* E6E9E5⊕E7E4⊕E8E3⊕E9E2⊕E10E1⊕E112A⊕E12
E7* E7E8E6⊕E8E5⊕E9E4⊕E10E3⊕E11E2⊕E12E1⊕E132A⊕E14
E8* E8E7E7⊕E9E6⊕E10E5⊕E11E4⊕E12E3⊕E13E2⊕E142B⊕E12A⊕E14
E9* E9E6E8⊕E10E7⊕E11E6⊕E12E5⊕E13E4⊕E142B⊕E3E2⊕E14E1⊕E132A⊕E12
E10* E10E5E9⊕E11E8⊕E12E7⊕E13E6⊕E142B⊕E5E4⊕E14E3⊕E13E2⊕E12E1⊕E112A⊕E10
E11* E11E4E10⊕E12E9⊕E13E8⊕E142B⊕E7E6⊕E14E5⊕E13E4⊕E12E3⊕E11E2⊕E10E1⊕E92A⊕E8
E12* E12E3E11⊕E13E10⊕E142B⊕E9E8⊕E14E7⊕E13E6⊕E12E5⊕E11E4⊕E10E3⊕E9E2⊕E8E1⊕E72A⊕E6
E13* E13E2E12⊕E142B⊕E11E10⊕E14E9⊕E13E8⊕E12E7⊕E11E6⊕E10E5⊕E9E4⊕E8E3⊕E7E2⊕E6E1⊕E52A⊕E4
E14* E14E12B⊕E13E12⊕E14E11⊕E13E10⊕E12E9⊕E11E8⊕E10E7⊕E9E6⊕E8E5⊕E7E4⊕E6E3⊕E5E2⊕E4E1⊕E32A⊕E2

Ternary Products
Quaternary Products



Symmetric powers [Γn] of degenerate irreducible representations
Vibrational overtones


irrep 2] 3] 4] 5] 6]
E1* A⊕E2E1⊕E3A⊕E2⊕E4E1⊕E3⊕E5A⊕E2⊕E4⊕E6More
E2* A⊕E4E2⊕E6A⊕E4⊕E8E2⊕E6⊕E10A⊕E4⊕E8⊕E12More
E3* A⊕E6E3⊕E9A⊕E6⊕E122B⊕E3⊕E9A⊕E6⊕2E12More
E4* A⊕E8E4⊕E12A⊕E8⊕E14E4⊕E10⊕E12A⊕E6⊕E8⊕E14More
E5* A⊕E102B⊕E5A⊕2E102B⊕2E53A⊕2E10More
E6* A⊕E12E6⊕E12A⊕E6⊕E122A⊕E6⊕E12A⊕2E6⊕E12More
E7* A⊕E14E7⊕E9A⊕E2⊕E14E5⊕E7⊕E9A⊕E2⊕E12⊕E14More
E8* A⊕E14E6⊕E8A⊕E2⊕E14E6⊕E8⊕E10A⊕E2⊕E12⊕E14More
E9* A⊕E12E3⊕E9A⊕E6⊕E122B⊕E3⊕E9A⊕2E6⊕E12More
E10* A⊕E102A⊕E10A⊕2E102A⊕2E103A⊕2E10More
E11* A⊕E8E3⊕E11A⊕E8⊕E14E3⊕E5⊕E11A⊕E6⊕E8⊕E14More
E12* A⊕E6E6⊕E12A⊕E6⊕E122A⊕E6⊕E12A⊕E6⊕2E12More
E13* A⊕E4E9⊕E13A⊕E4⊕E8E5⊕E9⊕E13A⊕E4⊕E8⊕E12More
E14* A⊕E2E12⊕E14A⊕E2⊕E4E10⊕E12⊕E14A⊕E2⊕E4⊕E6More



Spherical harmonics and Multipoles
Symmetric Powers of Γxyz


Spherical Harmonics Yl / Multipole Symmetric Power [Γl(xyz)]
l 2l+1 Multipole Symmetry Rank l(xyz)]
s (l=0) 1 Monopole A 1 A
p (l=1) 3 Dipole A⊕E1 3 A⊕E1
d (l=2) 5 Quadrupole A⊕E1⊕E2 6 2A⊕E1⊕E2
f (l=3) 7 Octupole A⊕E1⊕E2⊕E3 10 2A⊕2E1⊕E2⊕E3
g (l=4) 9 Hexadecapole A⊕E1⊕E2⊕E3⊕E4 15 3A⊕2E1⊕2E2⊕E3⊕E4
h (l=5) 11 Dotricontapole A⊕E1⊕E2⊕E3⊕E4⊕E5 21 3A⊕3E1⊕2E2⊕2E3⊕E4⊕E5
i (l=6) 13 Tetrahexacontapole A⊕E1⊕E2⊕E3⊕E4⊕E5⊕E6 28 4A⊕3E1⊕3E2⊕2E3⊕2E4⊕E5⊕E6
j (l=7) 15 Octacosahectapole A⊕E1⊕E2⊕E3⊕E4⊕E5⊕E6⊕E7 36 4A⊕4E1⊕3E2⊕3E3⊕2E4⊕2E5⊕E6⊕E7
k (l=8) 17 256-pole A⊕E1⊕E2⊕E3⊕E4⊕E5⊕E6⊕E7⊕E8 45 5A⊕4E1⊕4E2⊕3E3⊕3E4⊕2E5⊕2E6⊕E7⊕E8
l (l=9) 19 512-pole A⊕E1⊕E2⊕E3⊕E4⊕E5⊕E6⊕E7⊕E8⊕E9 55 5A⊕5E1⊕4E2⊕4E3⊕3E4⊕3E5⊕2E6⊕2E7⊕E8⊕E9
m (l=10) 21 1024-pole A⊕E1⊕E2⊕E3⊕E4⊕E5⊕E6⊕E7⊕E8⊕E9⊕E10 66 6A⊕5E1⊕5E2⊕4E3⊕4E4⊕3E5⊕3E6⊕2E7⊕2E8⊕E9⊕E10
n (l=11) 23 2048-pole A⊕E1⊕E2⊕E3⊕E4⊕E5⊕E6⊕E7⊕E8⊕E9⊕E10⊕E11 78 6A⊕6E1⊕5E2⊕5E3⊕4E4⊕4E5⊕3E6⊕3E7⊕2E8⊕2E9⊕E10⊕E11
o (l=12) 25 4096-pole A⊕E1⊕E2⊕E3⊕E4⊕E5⊕E6⊕E7⊕E8⊕E9⊕E10⊕E11⊕E12 91 7A⊕6E1⊕6E2⊕5E3⊕5E4⊕4E5⊕4E6⊕3E7⊕3E8⊕2E9⊕2E10⊕E11⊕E12
More

First nonvanshing multipole: Dipole

Further Reading

  • A. Gelessus, W. Thiel, W. Weber. J. Chem. Educ. 72 505 (1995)
    Multipoles and symmetry




Ligand Field, dn term splitting


Term symbols for electronic configurations dn
dn Term Symbols
d1 = d9 2D
d2 = d8 1S, 1D, 1G, 3P, 3F
d3 = d7 2P, 2D (2), 2F, 2G, 2H, 4P, 4F
d4 = d6 1S (2), 1D (2), 1F, 1G (2), 1I, 3P (2), 3D, 3F (2), 3G, 3H, 5D
d5 2S, 2P, 2D (3), 2F (2), 2G (2), 2H, 2I, 4P, 4D, 4F, 4G, 6S


Term splitting in point group C30
L 2L+1 Term Splitting
S (L=0) 1 A
P (L=1) 3 A⊕E1
D (L=2) 5 A⊕E1⊕E2
F (L=3) 7 A⊕E1⊕E2⊕E3
G (L=4) 9 A⊕E1⊕E2⊕E3⊕E4
H (L=5) 11 A⊕E1⊕E2⊕E3⊕E4⊕E5
I (L=6) 13 A⊕E1⊕E2⊕E3⊕E4⊕E5⊕E6


Last update November, 13th 2023 by A. Gelessus, Impressum, Datenschutzerklärung/DataPrivacyStatement